Common Alder Tree (Alnus Glutinosa)

The Common Alder tree (Alnus Glutinosa) is a fast-growing native broadleaf tree valued for its adaptability to wet, waterlogged, and nutrient-poor soils. Commonly planted along riverbanks, ponds, and wetlands, Common Alder trees also perform well in urban and polluted environments. The nitrogen-fixing root system improves soil fertility, making it an effective pioneer species for reforestation and wetland restoration. Yellow-brown male and red female catkins appear in early spring, leaves turn yellow in autumn, and woody cones persist through winter. Mature trees reach 15m to 25m in height.

A robust and low-maintenance alder tree once established, Common Alder timber is notably durable in water and has long been used in construction, fencing, and furniture production.

For riparian and wetland planting schemes with wildlife objectives, Common Alder trees are a strong choice, providing root habitat for otters along riverbanks and food for seed-eating birds, while early catkins support bees and other pollinators in spring.

Tree Attributes:

Height: 15m – 25m
Spread: 6m – 10m
Growth Rate: Fast
Position: Full sun to partial shade
Soil: Thrives in moist to wet soils; tolerant of poor, waterlogged, and compacted soils
Leaves: Rounded, glossy green leaves with a slightly sticky texture, turning yellow in autumn
Flowers: Yellow-brown catkins (male) and smaller red catkins (female) appear in early spring
Cones: Small, woody cones develop in autumn, persisting on the tree through winter
Bark: Smooth, dark grey bark that becomes more fissured with age